![]() The stretching can be due to the large weight of a nearby volcano. These troughs form when the crust is stretched until it breaks. This term is derived from Latin therefore fossa is singular and fossae are plural. Large troughs (long narrow depressions) are called fossae in the geographical language used for Mars. The quadrangle contains Alba Patera, the largest volcano (by area and volume) in the Solar System, Mareotis Fossae and Tempe as well as Tempe Terra, a highly fractured block of ancient crust about the size of Alaska. Main article: Planetary nomenclature § Mars Physiography and Geology Dark slope streaks and dust devil tracks can have a striking appearance. Several features found in this quadrangle are interesting, especially gullies which are believed to be caused by relatively recent flows of liquid water. The region called Tempe Terra is in the Arcadia quadrangle. The quadrangle covers an approximate area of 4.9 million square km, or a little over 3% of Mars’ surface area. The north to south distance is about 2,050 km (slightly less than the length of Greenland). The southern and northern borders of the Arcadia quadrangle are approximately 3,065 km and 1,500 km wide, respectively. The Arcadia quadrangle is also referred to as MC-3 (Mars Chart-3). The quadrangle uses a Lambert conformal conic projection at a nominal scale of 1:5,000,000 (1:5M). The quadrangle is located in the north-central portion of Mars’ western hemisphere and covers 240° to 300° east longitude (60° to 120° west longitude) and 30° to 65° north latitude. The Arcadia quadrangle is one of a series of 30 quadrangle maps of Mars used by the United States Geological Survey (USGS) Astrogeology Research Program. The Arcadia quadrangle is in the northcentral part of the Martian northwestern hemisphere, in the northern part of the Tharsis volcanic province. ![]()
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